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Structural Research of Decarboxylases

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Decarboxylases are a class of enzymes that play an essential role in various biological processes. They are responsible for catalyzing the decarboxylation reaction, which involves the removal of a carboxyl group from a molecule. Decarboxylases are found in a wide range of organisms, including bacteria, fungi, plants, and animals. They are involved in many important physiological processes such as neurotransmitter synthesis, amino acid metabolism, and energy production.

The oxaloacetate decarboxylase sodium pump (OAD) is a primary-active transporter that employs the energy released from oxaloacetate decarboxylation to move sodium ions across the cell membrane. Comprising of three subunits, the α subunit catalyzes the transfer of carboxyl from oxaloacetate to biotin, while the β subunit, integrated into the membrane, performs the subsequent carboxyl-biotin decarboxylation and sodium transport, and the γ subunit interacts with the α and β subunits and stabilizes the OAD complex. The structure of the Salmonella typhimurium OAD βγ sub-complex was determined, which reveals that the β and γ subunits combine to form a β3γ3 hetero-hexamer with extensive subunit interactions, providing insights into OAD holo-enzyme assembly. Guided by the structure, functional studies offer further understanding of the sodium binding sites in the β subunit and the coupling between carboxyl-biotin decarboxylation and sodium transport by the OAD β subunit. These structural studies have provided important insights into the mechanism of decarboxylation and have paved the way for the development of new drugs that target these enzymes.

The overall structure of the StOAD βγ sub-complex.Figure 1. The overall structure of the StOAD βγ sub-complex. (Xu X, et al., 2020)

ProteinOrganismMethodResolutionPDB Entry ID
Oxaloacetate Decarboxylase Sodium Pump (OAD) βγ sub-complex (expressed in E. coli)Salmonella typhimuriumCryo-EM single particle analysis3.90 Å6IWW

Table 1. Structural Research of Decarboxylases.

Creative Biostructure has a proven track record of providing high-quality protein structural analysis services. We have worked with clients from around the world, including academic researchers, biotech companies, and pharmaceutical companies. Our team of experts has extensive experience in the structural analysis of membrane proteins and is committed to providing our clients with the best possible service. In addition to our structural analysis services, we also offer a range of other services related to decarboxylases, including enzyme assays, biochemical characterization, and protein engineering. Our comprehensive suite of services makes us the ideal partner for all your decarboxylase-related research needs. If you are looking for a reliable and experienced partner for your structural research, we invite you to contact us. Let us work together to advance scientific knowledge in this field and contribute to the betterment of life.

Reference

  1. Xu X, et al. Structural insights into sodium transport by the oxaloacetate decarboxylase sodium pump. Elife. 2020, 9: e53853.

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